Step 1: Understand the Reason for Denial

Carefully review the denial letter from the SSA. It will explain why your claim was denied—common reasons include:

• Lack of sufficient medical evidence
• Earning above the Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA) limit
• Incomplete application or missing documents
• SSA believes your condition is not severe enough

Identifying the specific issue helps you address it in your appeal.

Step 2: File a Request for Reconsideration

In Massachusetts, the first step in appealing is the Request for Reconsideration. This must be filed within 60 days of receiving your denial notice.

You can submit the request:

• Online at ssa.gov
• By phone at 1-800-772-1213
• By mail using the forms provided in your denial letter

During reconsideration, a different SSA reviewer will re-examine your claim, including any new evidence you provide.

Step 3: Prepare for a Disability Hearing (If Necessary)

If your reconsideration is also denied, the next step is to request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). This is often the most important stage of the appeals process.

To prepare:

• Gather updated medical records
• Request a supporting statement from your doctor
• Be ready to explain how your condition limits your ability to work
• Consider bringing witnesses or experts who can testify about your limitations

The hearing may be in person or via video call, and it typically takes several months to schedule.

Step 4: Consider Further Appeals

If the judge denies your claim, you still have options:

• Appeals Council Review: Requests that the SSA review the ALJ’s decision.
• Federal Court: You may file a lawsuit in U.S. District Court.

Each level becomes more complex and may benefit from professional legal support.