Step 1: Determine Eligibility

Before applying, determine whether you qualify for SSDI, SSI, or both:

• SSDI: Requires a work history and enough earned “work credits.”
• SSI: Based on financial need and does not require work history.

You must also meet the medical criteria set by the Social Security Administration (SSA), showing your condition is severe enough to prevent substantial work.

Step 2: Gather Important Documentation

Prepare the following:

• Medical records and doctor’s notes
• Employment history and earnings
• List of medications and treatments
• Contact information for healthcare providers
• Personal identification and proof of residency

Having these documents ready helps prevent delays and supports your claim.

Step 3: Submit Your Application

You can apply for disability benefits in Massachusetts:

• Online at ssa.gov
• By phone at 1-800-772-1213
• In person at your local SSA office (appointments recommended)

Be thorough and honest when filling out your application. Incomplete applications are a common reason for delays and denials.

Step 4: Your Case Is Reviewed

After submission, the SSA will review:

• Whether you meet basic eligibility requirements
• Your work history (for SSDI)
• Your financial status (for SSI)
• Medical evidence to assess disability severity

The Massachusetts Disability Determination Services (DDS) may contact your doctors or request a consultative exam.

Step 5: Receive a Decision

Most initial applications are decided within 3 to 6 months. There are three possible outcomes:

• Approved: You’ll receive a notice and payment schedule.
• Denied: You can appeal.
• Request for more information: Respond promptly to avoid delays.

Step 6: Appeal If Denied

If your claim is denied, don’t give up. You can:

• Request reconsideration
• Request a hearing before an administrative law judge
• Appeal to the Appeals Council
• File a lawsuit in federal court if necessary

Each appeal stage has deadlines, so act quickly.